Engine-valve.



` l R'. W. MEWES.

ENGINE VALVE.' APPLICATION FILED 00T.26, i912;

Y PateneaAug.19,1913.

wiiovogsae.

. a subject of the KingofGreat Britain, 1"e.y siding at Des Moines, inthe county of Polk fand State of Iowa, have invented new and uniTan`sTaTns PATENT zonuren'.

*Brennan w. iunvvns, onpas momias-.Iowa

ENGINE-VALVE.

Specification of Letters Patent. P .Jatei'lted lAug. 19,1913.

z Application led October 26,1312. Serial No. 728,002.

= T all inkom t may concern.' I

f Be it knownv that I, RIoHiin W.A Mnwns,

useful Improvements in Engine-Valves, of

whichthe following isa specification.

This invention relates to valve mechanism for slide-valve and. other.fluidfdriven en gines, the primaryl object of the same is tosimplify the4construction and lessen l the cost of production and maintenance ofslide-valve and other `lui-ded-riven` enginesv and at the sametimezobtain the valuable features and benefits resulting from theautomatic balancing and -lubricatingof such..` engines, byutilizing.approximately allof;

the lubricant applied, contradistinction to ordinary'piston andD-slidevalves.

In the vimproved form of valve. embody'- .ing the essential features ofthe invention,

all of the lubricant is caused .to film` be.

tween the valve face and thecylinderface' and be .fully utilized withinthe cylinder beyfore the steam is. exhausted,4 asI .opposed to the wastelof the lubricant invrelative slide valve :organizations wherein thebulk of'tlie fi eration. of` floatingv or running down cylinder faces.

' oil and steam. iscarried olf lthrough the ex-.

haust without having effectively lubricated parts, namely, the valveandthe most vital In locomotive .'structures, .during theop-- 'l'ad thebulk of steam, which is. a, partial ubri- .cant, being shut off, theimproved formof Valve, whichis groovedand full of Ilubri- L cant,l willcontinue to .automatically distribute or dispense .the l ubricant fromvt-hese Y ,grooves by the oscillating movement of the application of thelubricant.

'valve upon the stationary-.valve'-faceand.

casing, without consequent loss in a posit-ive Another valuablefeature'of the improved valve of the-present invention isthat it isexempt from the` objectionable characteristic of wearing unequally whenworking extensiyely, as the wear, ifany, is equally divided between thevalve face and the cylinderface,

Whereas in thecommon D-valve andpistonvalve the wear is on the valveface and middle portion only of the cylinder face, thus causing thelatter face to assume a concave contour and the valve face to vassume a4convex shape, and, moreoventhe piston valveport bars are also wornconcave. Furthen more, the improved valve overcomes the ob* jectionable'tilting motion of theordinary D-slide valve, as the improved valve hassolely an axial movement.

1 In fthe manufactureof the improvedv valve. no special tools arerequired, as all the work can 'accomplished by means of a lathe, whichleconomy .in the production of the valve will be of material advantage.in the .'installationand use `of the same, and at the same time the`vimportant features of positively lbalancing and automaticallylubricating the .valve are obtained by av sim- 'ple primal structural ioperation. Furthermore, the externally exposed surfaceo-fthe valveisvery kmuch less in area than in analogous valves', and consequently thecon-Q densation of steam is materially lreduced The improved valve mayalso be tom 'ofthe cylinder, if desired, andin which .p .osition itgwillautomatically carry off all condensed. steam accumulating` adjacentlthereto at each stroke ofthe piston, andv thus keep the' piston freefrom.l obstruction without lessening the pressure in the cylinderthrough the operation of opening blowcocks, etc.

v Another important advantage of the iml lproved valve over the ordinarypiston-valve l 1s that. 1t-does not have the enormous waste. of power.and steam on`v the gearing in overcoming the inertiaor endwiseto-and-fro motionA which lthe heavy piston-valve imposes upon thegearing, especially'when running at high' speed, because thev improved.valve movesin a balanced manner, -or onehalf moves one way while theother half moves the opposite way, 1n contradist-inctionl to the bodilymovement of piston-valves and D-valves in opposite directions, and bythis valuable features of the old form of' D-slide valvevare preservedin the present structuretogeth'er with a lubrication.

The valve is of such simple structure and.

positive balance and selfyd uring'the travel of the steam and the use vof less fuel. and v.water correspondingly `enl sues. 'placedor appliedvon the under side or bot-- ico may be so readily replaced that it isprosponding cross-section of a portion of the cylinder. Fig. 2 isa'section taken in the plane of t-he line 2-2,*Fig. l.

In said drawings, A indicates, generally, the cylinder of a steam orother fluiddriven engine, B the steam'chest, and() the valve. The part Ais of the usual construction, and is provided adjacent its opposite endswith the passage 2, leading into the interior of thev valve casing 8.Steam or other mot-ive fluid is admitted into Vthe, steam chest B in anysuitable manner, and passes tlaepefrom to the valve by way of the inletpassage 5, and

thence either to the cylinder through the passage 2, or to the I exhaustpipe (not shown) by way of the passage 7, as herein.- after described.The valve casing, and the valve 8, which' it contains, are slightlytapered,' the said valve being designed fo'r backward and forward rotarymovement through the agency of a suitable valve gear (not shown). Thisvalve is provided at opposite ends with trunnions or stems 9 and lO,which are mounted in suitable bearings, and it is preferably hollow, asshown,and is formed with the opposed ports l1 and 12 that open into itsinterior, and also, with an arcuate cavity orA passage'l. The port l1registers with the outer end of the inlet passage 5, and has sufficientwidth to remain in registration therewith, during the -entire movementof the valve; the port l2 is brought into and out of registration withthe passage 2; while the cavity 13 is de signed to bridge communicationbetween the passage 2, and exhaust passage 7, at the proper times'.

To provide for automatic lubrication of the valve andthe cylinder face,the upper portion ofthe valvecasing is formed on its inner face with anoil .chamber 32, to which the oil, or other lubricant, is supplied by asuitable pipe or pipes 33. The ends ofthe valve terminate short of theend walls of thecasing, thus providing a pair of auxiliary lubricantchambers 3a which 'are filled from the chamber 32, and, therefore, thelubricant will be caused to film through the adjacent passage 2 into thecylinder, around the inner surface'of which it spreads, and it will alsofilm through the passages 5 and 7;

nordsee rlhis filming takes place, aswili be understood, between thefaces of the valve and its casings, and since'the lubricant enters andspreads into the cylinder in film form, it will not be blown out` withthe exhaust steam, as would be thevcase if it were droppedl orothcruiise introduced bodily in separate masses into the cylinder. Inthis way, lperfect lubrication is insured and waste avoided.

As Ihereinbefore stated, the inlet port 11 has'suiiicient width toremain in registration with theinlet passage 5 during the entiremovement of the valve. This is a matter of special importance, as willbesecn from 'the following In many high speed steam engines, 4asordinarily constructed, the steam is exposed to blasts of cold air whichis intensified by the highspeed of'travel. As a result, enormouscondensation takes place,

and the body of live steam in the steam chest is not at the propertemperature to enter the cylinders when the valves open quickly, thusincreasing wear and the consumption of fuel and water, particularly incold weather. On the other hand, by maintainingthe interior of the valvein constant communication 'i with the steam chest, the valve"is alwaysfilled with steam at the same temperature y which thus preventscondensation and water accumulation, and, in consequence, pounding ofthe valves and pistons." Moreover, by providing what is in effect asolid roof in the valve itself between the inlet and outlet ports xanddirectly above the. bridge, the pressure ofthe steam confined in thevalve is exerted upwardly in a direction diametri` cally opposite thepassages 2 and 7 In this way an approximately perfect bala-nce of thevalve is insured, as long as the steam supply-is on and when the steamis cut ofi, (as, for instance, when the locomotive is floating), thevalve loses this function, but retains thatof automatically lubricatingitself. 1

Having'thus described my invention, what I claim-is: f

1 ,The combination' of a valve-casing having a lubricant chamber initsupper portion, and lubricant supply means in communication therewith;l arotary valve disposed within said casing, the -ends of said valveterminating short of the end walls of the casing, to produce auxiliarylubricant chambers; and means for operating said valve.

2. The combination'. of a valve casing formed with steam inlet andoutlet passages,

and witha passage located adjacent the outlet passage, allof saidpassages opening intoi its interior; an oscillatory valve disposedwithin said casing and having a pair of opposed ports cooperative withthe inlet and lastnamed passages, jand a cavity movable into and out ofposition tov bridge communication between said llastnamed passage andthe outlet passage, the port coperative with said inlet passage beingsuihciently wide .to remain in communication vtherewith during theentire movement of the valve; and means for operating said valve.

3. The combination of a valve casing formed with a lubricant chamber inthe upchamber; and means for operating said valve.

4. The combination of a valve formed with a lubricant chamber in theupper por,- tion of its inner face, and with-steam inlet -and outletpassages and a passage located adjacent the outlet passage, all of saidpassages 4opening into the interior of said casing; an oscillatory valvedisposed within said casing and having its ends terminating short of theend walls of the casing, to produce auxiliary lubricant chambers, saidvalve being provided with a pair of o posed ports coperative with theinlet and lastnamed passages and a cavity movable into and out ofposition to bridge communication per portion of its innervface, and withSteam inlet' and outlet passages and a passage located adjacent theoutlet passage, all of said passages opening into the interior of saidcasing; an oscillatory valve disposed within said casing and providedwith a pair of opposed ports coperative with the inletand last-namedpassages, and with a cavity, movable into and out of position'to bridgecommunication between said last-named passage and the 'outlet passage,the port cooperative with said inlet passage being suiciently Wide toremain in communication therewith during the entire movement ofthevalve; lubricant supply means in communication with said chamber;and'means for operating said valve.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

v RICHARD W. MEWES.

Witnesses:

J. E. BRENNER, EMI'Lr ARENs.

